Magazine gun



2 Sheetss 1.

A. H. RUSS-ELL.

MAGAZINE GUN.

Patented Mar. 18, 1884.

V "II Ilflllllllllr/l'l' I u I I 1 u 0 Model) iw I 2.Sheets--Sheet 2. A.- H. RUSSELL.-

(No Model.) 7

MAGAZINE GUN.

No.1 295,285. I Patnted Mar. 18, 1884.

terns lharrn PATENr MAGAZINE-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,285, dated March 18, 1884,

(X model.)

T0 60 whom it 777/601] concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW H. ltUssELL, a citizen of the United States, of the Ordnance Corps, United States Army, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine-Guns, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in magazine-guns, and the novel features of the improvements will be hereinafter pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is to simplify the construction of the arm shown in my patent No. 230,823, of August 3, 1880; to provide a magazine-gun of this character with a bolt stop, which may serve as a cut off to the magazine; to adapt the magazine, by a simple change, to cartridges of different lengths; and, generally, to overcome objections found to ex ist in guns of this character. The magazine is of that character in which the cartridges are placed side by side, and fed sidewise by spring-pressure, so that the ends of the cartridges are not liable to be battered, and there is no danger ofexploding the cartridges in the magazine, as in a magazine in which the cartridges are placed end to end.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a section of a bolt-gun through the receiver and bolt, showing the boltstop. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of so much of the gun as is necessary to show the bolt-stop, the stock being broken away. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing bolt-stop in another position. Fig. 4: is a view of the bolt-stop detached. Fig. 5 is a side view of the breech-mechanism of a bolt-gun, showing the magazine (in section) in position. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the magazine and follower. Fig. 7 is a reverse section of magazine, with follower detached. Fig. 8 is a detail. Fig. 9 is a plan, partly in sec tion, showing the magazine arranged for short cartridges. Fig. 10 is a vertical cross-section of the upper portion of the magazine. Fig. 11 is a plan of the receiver, showing notches to retain the magazine. Figs. 12 and 13 are perspective views of the spring-gate detached from magazine, on large scale. Fig. 1i is a plan of Fig. 5. Fig. 15 is an elevation of the magazine, detached from the side toward the bolt, showing a cartridge in dotted lines in position just before it leaves the magazine.

A denotes the stock 5 B, the receiver or shoe of the gun; O, the bolt, which may be operated in any usual way. The bolt 0 has at one side a projection, c, which projection may travel in a groove in the receiver, as the bolt is moved toward or away from the barrel of the gun.

D is a stop pivoted in the receiver, and 0perated by lever E. One corner of the stop D is cut away, as at d, and the face of the stop is slightly notched, as at d. The front end of stop D extends through an aperture in the receiver, and when the lever E is turned in one direction the cut-away portion d comes in the path of the projection c, and the bolt is free to move back to the extent of its usual travel, as shown in Fig. 1. hen the lever E is turned in the other direction, the stop comes in the path of projection c, and the bolt, as shown in Fig. 3, is not permitted to move farther back. This stoppage of the bolt before it reaches the extreme of its rearward movement makes the bolt serve as a cutoff to the magazine, so that the magazine cannot feed cartridges to the receiver, and the arm may be used as a singleloader, holding the magazine in reserve. Then the motion of the bolt is so limited, the cartridge cannot be driven forward by the friction of the bolt, because the cartridge is held back by projections inside the magazine, acting 011 the flange or the nose of the cartridge, until the bolt is withdrawn far enough to allow the cartridge to rise above the obstruction.

It is obvious that the position of the stop and projection may be reversed, so that a part of the stop may enter a slot in the bolt to check its backward movement, or that other devices maybe used to stop the bolt before it has completed its backward movement.

The magazine F has a follower, G, which is pressed upward by a spring, H. The follower G extends the full length of the magazine, and has its front end slightly turned up at g. The rear end of the follower extends down, as at g, in a direction parallel with the side of the magazine, so that the distance from g to g shall be greater than the (horizontal) distance between the front and rear inner walls of the magazine. This will prevent the front end of the follower from being pressed down more than the rear end, but will permit the front end torise slightly, as is desired. If the front end of the follower were permitted to fall, it would be possible for the flange of an upper cartridge to get behind the flange of the one below itin the magazine, and thus clog the magazine. This objection is overcome by preventing the front end of the follower from falling below the rear end, as before stated. The left side of the follower is extended down along the side of the magazine a short distance, for the purpose of preventing any sidewise tipor cant when the projections h h of the follower strike the hooks i, (see Fig. 9,) and also to close the aperture leading from the magazinejto the receiver when the magazine is eX- hausted, so that whena shell iswithdrawn by the bolt it shall not accidentally pass into the magazine.

Y [n theinterior of the magazine attached to the front plate are two ribs, M, which are bent "over and form hooks 2" t" at the top. The fol- -lower G has side projections, h h, which run between these ribs i '5 until the follower. has reached the top of its throw, when it is prevented from further rise by the hooks z" i com- .:'ing in the path of the projections h h. '1 The rear rib also serves to limit the forward motion of 130 their flanges. to prevent the tilting down of the front end of thefollower by extending the rear one of these the-cartridges in the magazine by engaging The studs h h may be adapted downward.

The follower may be removed from'the magazine by pressing down the rear end of the follower'until the front projection can bedisengaged from the hook i.

or stud, h, The ends 'of' the follower may be provided with anti-friction rolls, as'at g g. It is obvious that the upward motion of the follower may be checked in a similar way by projecting studs on theinside of the magazine, made to catch in holes or indentations in the side of the follower.

The cartridges must be'of such length as. to fill the magazine, or so nearly so, that the 'flange'of an upper cartridge cannot get behind that'ofone below it, when the cartridge It is sometimes desirable to use shorter cartridges than those generally used with the arm.

The magazine F is preferably secured to the arm by sliding down from the top, the flanges ff of the magazine entering grooves b b in the receiver and stock and the flan es 9 12 7 being held by the screws-passin g through holes thereinand into the stock, or by some equivalent device. The body of the magazine maybe made shorter than the distance between the grooves 12 11, leaving the rear wall of same and at the rear To permit this I adapt my magazine for'short cartridges in severalways, some of which will be now stated.

making the follower G in the form shown in .Figs- 6 and 9, the same follower may be used with two lengths of cartridges. To effect this object the piece K may be made narrower than the internal width of the magazine, but wide enough to extend past the middle of the ball end of "the cartridges. In the space between the side of the piece K and the side wall of the magazine the front end of the follower G is made to extend, as at g,- or, rather, the follower G being the full length of the magazine is notched out at one of the front corners, to permit the insertion of piece K. The relation of the followerwith the front end of the magazine is therefore the same whether pieceK be inserted or not; but when said piece is in the may be used; but by' magazine said magazine is only adapted to feed cartridges as long as the distance between the rear wall of the magazine and the piece K. The top of follower G is rounded, of said follower there is an upward extension, 9, which may come under theflange of' the last cartridge in the magazine and force it into positionin the mouthof the magazine.

The spring JH is forked at the bottom, as shown at H, and the fork embraces a stud or projection, 19, in the bottom of the magazine. Cartridges are pressed down from the top of my magazine upon the spring-follower G, as in my patent referred to, the spring-gate m swinging to one side in the recess f of the magazine. The slight offset f in the rear wall of the magazine, especially if accompanied by bevel f at the front of the magazine, will cause the cartridges to feed slightly backward in the magazine as they are forced down against the pressure of the spring-follower, so that the flange of each lower cartridge will be behind that of the one above it, as shown inFig. 5. The gate m thrown constantly out from the recess f by the pressure of a spring, will,'.in connection with the cross-bar f at the top of the magazine, prevent the cartridge from escaping upward through the open mouth of the magazine, but the cartridge being pressed upward by follower G, and sidewise by springgate. 112, will, when the bolt is drawnback, be forced into the delivery-aperture of the magazine, as shown in Fig. 15.

The face of the spring-gate m of the magazine, against which the cartridges bear when forced up by the follower, is slightly recessed at t, terminating in beveled shoulder t alittle way forward from the rear of this face of the gate, .and leaving a projection, 12, extending nearly'to'the rearof the gate. The .upperm'ostfcartridge will be held by'th'e one below it, (or by the follower, if it be the last one in the magazine,) and by the spring-gate m in the delivery-aperture of the magazine toward the receiver, the flange projecting slightlyinto the pathway of the bolt, as shown in Figs. 10 and 14, and being held from rising by the bar f of the magazine. hen the bolt is moved forward it strikes theflange of the cart-ridge, and carries the cartridge forward, the flange running along the recess 1. As soon as the flange of the cartridge reaches theincline on the bar f f, and at the same time the shoulder 15 on the gate 172, it is permitted to pass under said bar, and the slight impulse it receives from the shoulder t impels it through the openings sidewise into the receiver when it is carried forward into the chamber of the gun in the usual manner by the manipulation of the bolt. Before the bolt is withdrawn the cartridge rests against it instead of against the bar f, the flange being held behind the projection i, so that the cartridge cannot be forced forward. The end face of the projection t is nearly continuous with the rear face of the rear rib i, which also assists in preventing a forward motion of the cartridge. The inner face of the front wall of the magazine is rounded out in line with the receiver, as shown in Fig. 15. The piece K is similarly rounded. The inner face of barf is beveled forward of incline f.

The spring-gate m is concaved or cut out at the top, as shown at m, so as to swing back under the inturned cdgef of the offset to the magazine. The corner in of the gate is also concaved or beveled, to permit the ready insertion of the thumb or finger in pressing the cartridges into the magazine.

Cartridges may be pressed down into the magazine from the top, either singly or by means of a feed-casc. The rear end of the spring-follower will be pressed down somewhat faster than the front end by reason of the flanges of the cartridges; but the follower is free to assume an inclined position to compensate for this, as shown in Fig. The spring-gate swings forward over the cartridges, and holds them from rising out of the top of the magazine, but presses the top one sidewise toward the receiver, and the combined pressure of the gate and follower tends to pass the flange of the cartridge through-the aperture in the side of the magazine whenever the bolt is drawn back far enough. As the aperture in the side of the magazine will not permit the cartridge to pass sidewise into the receiver when the cartridge is at the rear of the aperture, the cartridge remains in this position until the bolt is moved forward, when it strikes the flange of the cartridge and carries it forward to a point where the aperture is wider, when the cartridge is pressed sidewise into the receiver. If the bolt be stopped before its front end gets behind the flange of the cartridge there will be no feed from the magazine, the bolt itself serving as a stop to the mouth of the magazine. The side plate, f, of the magazine will be of such length as to fit the notches b in the receiver, whether the magazine be long or short.

I claim- 1. The combination, with a cartridge-magazine' of the character described, of a follower adapted to force the cartridges sidewise in the magazine, and mechanism, substantially such as described, to adapt the magazine for the reception of short or long cartridges, as set forth.

2. A cartridge-magazine having a springfollower, adapted, as described, to force the cartridges sidewise in the magazine, in combination with an inserted piece to reduce the length of the magazine and adapt it for shorter cartridges, substantially as shown.

3. A cartridge-magazine having a spring follower adapted to bear against the side of the cartridges, as described, one corner of the follower being cut away, as stated, in combination with an insertible piece to be placed in the magazine and occupy the space of the cut away corner of the follower, for the purpose of reducing the length of r the magazine, as set forth.

4. In combination with a magazine of the character described and its spring, the follower having a projection at its rear end extending some little distance down in the magazine parallel with the rear wall thereof, the follower and projection being of such length as to prevent the front end of the follower being pressed downward into inclined position, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a magazine of the character described, of a spring-follower, having its side extending down parallel with the wall of the magazine, said side extension serving to close the opening into the receiver when the follower is elevated, and also serving to prevent the follower from tiltingin the magazine, as stated.

6. The combination, with a magazine of the character described, of interior guide ribs or projections at one side thereof, and a follower having projections which engage with said ribs, substantially as set forth.

'7. The combination, with a magazine of the character described, having a stop-bar at the top thereof, against which the cartridge rests when in position to be struck by the bolt, of the springgate, with offset, as t, in its face, and spring-follower, all operating in combination, substantially as stated.

8. The combination, with a magazine of the character described, and its spring-follower, of the spring-gate having recess t in its face, which recess terminates in a projection, and the stop-bar f recessed and beveled at f, substantially as described.

9. The spring composed of flat leaves, as described, the lower leaf being forked at the end, in combination with a magazine having a stud or stop at the bottom which is embraced by said fork, as shown and described.

10. The combination, with a magazine adapted, as described, to force a column of cartridges placed side by side in the direction of the receiver without the intervention of a carrier, of a bolt which reciprocates past the mouth of the magazine, and a stop mechanism,

substantially as described, whereby the bolt may be stopped short of its rearmost position and serve to close the mouth of the magazine and prevent the escape of a cartridge therefrom, substantially as stated.

11. The combination, with a magazine adapted by spring-pressure to force a column of cartridges placed therein toward the receiver, and a bolt adapted to reciprocate past the month of the said magazine, of a pivoted stop, as D, in the receiver, adapted to engage with 15 and stop the bolt when turned in one position and to permit a full movement of the bolt when turned in another position, as described and shown.

Intestimony whereof I affix my signature in 20 presence of two. witnesses.

ANDREW H. RUSSELL.

Witnesses: I

J AMEs M. BARRY, JAMES BARRY. 

